ta.hpp

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#pragma once
#include "na.hpp"
#include "series.hpp"
#include "window_sum.hpp"
#include <deque>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
 
namespace pineforge {
 
namespace ta {
 
// How an ``EMA`` seeds its recursion. A per-instance option
// (``EMA(length, seeding)``); an instance that names none latches the
// ambient default below on its first ``compute()``.
enum class EmaSeeding : unsigned char {
    // ``ema := src`` on the first finite input, so the output is never na.
    // The default, and byte-identical to every EMA before the option existed.
    FirstValue = 0,
    // na until ``length`` finite inputs have accumulated, then their simple
    // average, then the ordinary recursion: an SMA-seeded EMA, warming up the
    // way ``RMA`` and ``SMA`` already do (na for the whole warm-up window).
    SimpleAverage = 1,
};
 
// Ambient default seeding for ``EMA`` instances constructed without one
// (thread-local; ``false`` = ``EmaSeeding::FirstValue``, ``true`` =
// ``EmaSeeding::SimpleAverage``; default ``false``).
//
// An instance reads it once, on its first ``compute()``, and keeps that
// seeding for life, so a host that wants the instances of one evaluation
// context SMA-seeded without naming the seeding at each construction raises
// the reference around that context and restores it on exit (an RAII scope;
// the restore must also run during unwinding). Thread-local so parallel
// in-process engines never cross-contaminate. Nothing in the kernel raises
// it: with the default, every EMA that names no seeding is the first-value
// recursion, byte-identical to the behaviour before the option existed.
bool& ema_na_warmup_flag();
 
// Per-context bar index for bar-addressed window state (thread-local).
//
// TradingView keeps the source history of a window call site (``ta.highest``,
// ``ta.lowest``, ``ta.highestbars``, ``ta.lowestbars``) in a ring of
// ``K = length + 1`` slots addressed by ``bar_index % K``. A call on bar ``b``
// writes ``slot[b % K] = src`` and returns the extremum over the WRITTEN slots
// ``(b - k) % K``, ``k in [0, length)``. For a call that executes every bar
// that is the plain positional window. For a call that executes
// CONDITIONALLY (inside an ``if`` block that does not run every bar) the slots
// not rewritten keep their stale values from earlier executions, never-written
// slots are skipped, and the result is na iff ``bar_index < length - 1`` — NOT
// until ``length`` executions have accumulated. Pinned 2026-09-03 with
// ``lab tv`` on NYSE:F 1D (``if bar_index % 7 == 3: v = ta.highest(high, 5)``
// 39/39 entry sizes exact, cadence 9 30/30; a third-party SMA strategy on
// F@1D 31/31 only with K = 6). ``ta.sma`` inside ``if`` is NOT ring-addressed
// (per-execution buffer, pinned separately) and is untouched.
//
// The engine installs the executing context's bar index around every dispatch
// of generated code: the chart's Pine ``bar_index`` around ``on_bar`` and the
// requested context's evaluated-bar index around each ``evaluate_security``
// (HTF / lower-tf / auxiliary feeds). ``origin`` is the first bar index the
// context has data for — the warmup reference — so a feed that starts after
// TradingView's hidden first chart bar (``bar_index_offset``) still warms up
// over its own first ``length`` bars, exactly as before. With no context
// installed (the default — unit tests, standalone use) every ``compute()`` is
// its own bar and the objects are byte-identical to the previous positional
// deque.
//
// The ring is read through a cached extremum with an implied bar. Each call
// site keeps ``{value, bar}``: the first call caches ``(src, b)``; a call on
// bar ``b`` with ``b - bar < length`` only compares ``src`` against the cache
// (strict — ties never displace the cached member); the new-extremum test
// comes FIRST, so a bar whose ``src`` beats the cache takes it without
// reading the slots even when the cache has aged out; otherwise, once the
// cached extremum has aged out (``b - bar >= length`` — by bars, not calls)
// the slots are rescanned, oldest first, and the cache becomes
// ``(best, b - k_best)``; otherwise the cache is kept. The output is the
// cached value (the *Bars offset is ``b - bar``). Pinned 2026-09-04 with 8
// ``lab tv`` tapes on NYSE:F 1D (696/696 entries), the BINANCE:ETHUSDT.P
// geometry pin (82/82) and a third-party BBWP ETH replay (593/593):
// ``m = bar_index % 49; if m < 4 or 37 <= m < 47 or m == 48: v =
// ta.lowest(low, 10)`` can answer synthetic 25.00 from bar 42 on bars 48..51
// although bar 3's stale 24.00 sits one slot behind bar 48 — the plain ring
// would say 24.00 — and rescans to 24.00 on bar 52 once the cache has aged;
// a synthetic ETH run-start low of 2000.00 below an expired cache of 2010.00
// answers its own low and never reads the aliased slot the plain ring
// returned. For an every-bar caller the cache is exactly the positional
// window, so nothing changes there.
//
// Never-written slots read 0 in a rescan, for every source kind (pinned
// 2026-09-04 on BINANCE:BTCUSDT 1D and OANDA:XAUUSD 1D, cadence 13 / length
// 10: ``low``, ``close - 2000``, ``sma(close, 5)``, ``low[1]``, ``hl2`` and
// the sign-mixed ``sma(close, 5) - close`` each 13/13). A slot WRITTEN with
// na POISONS the ring (pinned 2026-09-04 on OANDA:XAUUSD 1D, scratchpad
// r6/pins/ringkind: leading-na sites 7 x 13/13, the market-logic replica
// 32/32; and the every-bar NYSE:F 1D gap tape pin-lowest-na-everybar, 20/20;
// ledger log-20260904t112527z-ea13dfcd): the rescan walks oldest first and a
// written-na slot resets the running extremum, so the answer is the extremum
// over the slots NEWER than the newest na slot in the window (never-written
// 0 slots among them included) and na when the newest slot is itself na; the
// na write also poisons the cache to ``(na, b)``, so the next valid call
// restarts from its own src without reading the slots. ``ta.lowest(
// sma(close, 14), 10)`` at cadence 13 can answer na (bar 5 writes na), then 2000
// (bar 18: restart on src, the never-written slot behind it unread), 0, 0,
// 0, 0 (rescans: never-written slots newer than the na slot), 2200 (bar
// 83: the na slot re-entered at k = 1, src is the only live member), 2100
// (new minimum), 2000, 2000, 2000, 2000 (the stale first valid write, once
// newer than the na slot), 2050. Every-bar ``x = bar_index % 4 == 0 ? na :
// low``: ``ta.lowest(x, 5) == ta.highest(x, 5)`` on the bar after every na
// bar — a single live member — where the old "skip the gap" reading kept
// the pre-gap extremum (synthetic bar 9: 25.00, the untouched cache 24.00).
struct BarContext {
    bool installed = false;
    long long bar_index = 0;   // ring address: the context's current bar index
    long long origin = 0;      // warmup reference: the context's first bar index
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
BarContext& bar_context();
 
// RAII installer: sets the thread-local BarContext for the enclosed dispatch
// and restores the previous one on exit (also during stack unwinding), so
// chart and request.security evaluation never see each other's index.
class BarContextScope {
    BarContext previous_;
 
public:
    BarContextScope(long long bar_index, long long origin);
    ~BarContextScope();
    BarContextScope(const BarContextScope&) = delete;
    BarContextScope& operator=(const BarContextScope&) = delete;
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// Bar-addressed extremum ring shared by Highest / Lowest / HighestBars /
// LowestBars — the TradingView rule documented at bar_context() above.
class ExtremeRing {
public:
    struct Result {
        double value;   // na: window not formed yet, or no written non-na member
        int bars_back;  // k of the extremum slot (0 = the current bar)
    };
    explicit ExtremeRing(int length, WindowCacheCapacity cache = window_cache_capacity());
    // advance = true  -> compute():   records src for the context's current bar
    // advance = false -> recompute(): rewrites the current bar's slot
    // An na src is WRITTEN: it answers na, poisons the cache and, in every
    // later rescan, resets the running extremum (the poison rule documented
    // at bar_context()). The composites (Stoch, WPR, Range) share the ring
    // and the rule: their only oracle (finding 331, a stochRSI whose RSI is
    // na for its warmup only) is a leading-na series, on which the poison
    // answers exactly what "live over the non-na members" did.
    // Ties resolve to the OLDEST member (strict comparison, oldest slot first).
    Result update(double src, bool advance, bool want_max);
    WindowCacheStats cache_stats() const { return values_.cache_stats(); }
 
private:
    int length_;
    // Unwritten slots read zero; writing na stores that poison explicitly.
    ::pineforge::detail::WindowValues<double> values_;
    long long own_bar_ = -1;   // cadence when no context is installed
    bool has_written_ = false;
    // TradingView's cached extremum with an implied bar (bar_context() docs):
    // the value the site last answered and the bar it is attributed to.
    bool cached_ = false;
    double cval_ = 0.0;
    long long cbar_ = 0;
    // The cache as it stood BEFORE the current bar's first tick, so a
    // recompute() (same bar, advance=false) restores it and re-applies.
    long long cache_seen_bar_ = -1;
    bool saved_cached_ = false;
    double saved_cval_ = 0.0;
    long long saved_cbar_ = 0;
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, values_);
    }
};
 
class RMA {
    double output_val;
    double sum;
    int length;
    int bar_count;
 
    // saved state for recompute
    double saved_output_val_;
    double saved_sum_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
public:
    explicit RMA(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    void save();
    void restore();
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class RSI {
    RMA rma_up;
    RMA rma_down;
    double prev_src;
    int bar_count;
 
    // saved state for recompute
    double saved_prev_src_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
public:
    explicit RSI(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, rma_up, rma_down);
    }
};
 
class Crossover {
    double prev_a;
    double prev_b;
 
    double saved_prev_a_, saved_prev_b_;
 
public:
    Crossover();
    bool compute(double a, double b);
    bool recompute(double a, double b);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class Crossunder {
    double prev_a;
    double prev_b;
 
    double saved_prev_a_, saved_prev_b_;
 
public:
    Crossunder();
    bool compute(double a, double b);
    bool recompute(double a, double b);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- SMA ---
 
class SMA {
    KahanWindowSum window_;
    int length;
    int bar_count;
 
public:
    explicit SMA(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, window_);
    }
};
 
// --- EMA ---
 
class EMA {
    double output_val;
    double alpha;
    double sum;
    int bar_count;
    // Read only by EmaSeeding::SimpleAverage, which counts `length` finite
    // inputs before seeding with their mean. The FirstValue recursion uses
    // `alpha` alone and never reads this.
    int length_;
 
    // saved state for recompute
    double saved_output_val_;
    double saved_sum_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
    // The instance's seeding (true = EmaSeeding::SimpleAverage): named by the
    // two-argument constructor, or latched from ema_na_warmup_flag() on the
    // first compute() and never revisited, so recompute()'s restore() (which
    // only rewinds output_val/sum/bar_count) cannot flip the seeding
    // mid-series. Deliberately NOT part of save()/restore().
    bool na_warmup_ = false;
    bool warmup_latched_ = false;
 
public:
    explicit EMA(int length);
    // Names the seeding at construction; the ambient default is never read.
    EMA(int length, EmaSeeding seeding);
    double compute(double src);
    void save();
    void restore();
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- MACD ---
 
struct MACDResult {
    double macd_line;
    double signal_line;
    double histogram;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class MACD {
    EMA fast_ema;
    EMA slow_ema;
    EMA signal_ema;
 
public:
    MACD(int fast_length, int slow_length, int signal_length);
    MACDResult compute(double src);
    MACDResult recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, fast_ema, slow_ema, signal_ema);
    }
};
 
// --- Highest ---
 
class Highest {
    ExtremeRing ring_;
 
public:
    explicit Highest(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ring_);
    }
};
 
// --- Lowest ---
 
class Lowest {
    ExtremeRing ring_;
 
public:
    explicit Lowest(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ring_);
    }
};
 
// --- ATR ---
 
class ATR {
    RMA rma;
    double prev_close;
    int bar_count;
 
    double saved_prev_close_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
public:
    explicit ATR(int length);
    double compute(double high, double low, double close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close);
    // issue #178 (pinned 2026-09-06, lab tv i178-sparse-atr-sense,
    // BINANCE:BTCUSDT 60, 398/398 executions): TradingView's ta.atr called
    // inside a block that does not execute every bar advances its RMA on
    // the EXECUTIONS only, but the true range always reads the previous
    // CHART bar's close (close[1]), never the close of the previous
    // execution. The 3-arg path keeps the per-call prev_close for callers
    // that run every bar (identical there); a sparse call site must pass
    // the chart's previous close (BacktestEngine::prev_chart_close()).
    double compute(double high, double low, double close, double prev_chart_close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close, double prev_chart_close);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, rma);
    }
};
 
// --- Stoch ---
 
class Stoch {
    Highest highest;
    Lowest lowest;
 
public:
    explicit Stoch(int length);
    double compute(double src, double high, double low);
    double recompute(double src, double high, double low);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, highest, lowest);
    }
};
 
// --- Change ---
 
class Change {
    OwnedDeque<double> history;
    int max_length_;
 
public:
    explicit Change(int max_length = 1);
    double compute(double src, int length = 1);
    double recompute(double src, int length = 1);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, history);
    }
};
 
// --- Cross ---
 
class Cross {
    double prev_a;
    double prev_b;
    // Skip-tie state: TV's `ta.cross` tracks the last NON-TIED sign of
    // (a - b) so that intermediate "tied" bars (a == b) are transparent.
    // ta.crossover/ta.crossunder use the simpler immediate-prev rule and
    // need no skip-tie state.
    int last_nonzero_sign_;  // -1, 0 (uninitialised), +1
 
    double saved_prev_a_, saved_prev_b_;
    int saved_last_nonzero_sign_;
 
public:
    Cross();
    bool compute(double a, double b);
    bool recompute(double a, double b);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- WMA (Weighted Moving Average) ---
 
class WMA {
    int length_;
    // Ring buffer (capacity == length_) instead of std::deque to avoid
    // per-bar node allocation. Newest sample at offset 0, oldest at
    // offset length_-1. The per-bar O(length) weighted-sum recompute is
    // unchanged — see WMA::compute for the oldest→newest weight 1..length
    // accumulation order that parity depends on.
    DynamicRingBuffer<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit WMA(int length, WindowCacheCapacity cache = window_cache_capacity());
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
    WindowCacheStats cache_stats() const { return buffer_.cache_stats(); }
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- HMA (Hull Moving Average) ---
 
class HMA {
    WMA wma_half_;
    WMA wma_full_;
    WMA wma_sqrt_;
 
public:
    explicit HMA(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, wma_half_, wma_full_, wma_sqrt_);
    }
};
 
// --- StdDev (Standard Deviation) ---
// TradingView's ta.stdev (biased, the default) is NOT the two-pass
// sum-of-squared-deviations of its documentation: it is
//     sqrt(Sxx / n - m * m),  m = Sx / n,
// with Sx = math.sum(src, n) and Sxx = math.sum(src * src, n) the same
// sliding-window Kahan sums as ta.sma (window_sum.hpp) -- so the value carries
// the cancellation error of that form and of those running sums. Pinned
// 2026-09-05 (round 9, family W) on a full-precision NYSE:F@15 oracle
// (pineforge-workflow famw-f15-sd-*: 7,029/7,029 bars bit-exact; the
// two-pass form is exact on none of them). The unbiased variant
// (biased = false) is unpinned and keeps the two-pass window arithmetic.
class StdDev {
    int length_;
    bool biased_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;      // unbiased path only
    KahanWindowSum sum_x_;           // Sx  (biased path)
    KahanWindowSum sum_xx_;          // Sxx (biased path)
    int bar_count_;
 
public:
    explicit StdDev(int length, bool biased = true);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
 
private:
    double held_stdev() const;
    double biased_value() const;
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_, sum_x_, sum_xx_);
    }
};
 
// --- Supertrend ---
 
struct SupertrendResult {
    double value;
    double direction;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class Supertrend {
    double factor_;
    ATR atr_;
    double prev_upper_, prev_lower_, prev_st_;
    double prev_direction_;
    double prev_close_;
    bool initialized_;
 
    // saved state
    double saved_prev_upper_, saved_prev_lower_, saved_prev_st_;
    double saved_prev_direction_, saved_prev_close_;
    bool saved_initialized_;
 
public:
    Supertrend(double factor, int atr_period);
    SupertrendResult compute(double high, double low, double close);
    SupertrendResult recompute(double high, double low, double close);
 
private:
    SupertrendResult step(double high, double low, double close, bool again);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, atr_);
    }
};
 
// --- DMI (Directional Movement Index) ---
 
struct DMIResult {
    double diplus;
    double diminus;
    double adx;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class DMI {
    RMA rma_plus_, rma_minus_, rma_tr_;
    RMA rma_adx_;
    double prev_high_, prev_low_, prev_close_;
    bool first_bar_;
 
    // saved state
    double saved_prev_high_, saved_prev_low_, saved_prev_close_;
    bool saved_first_bar_;
 
public:
    DMI(int di_length, int adx_smoothing);
    DMIResult compute(double high, double low, double close);
    DMIResult recompute(double high, double low, double close);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, rma_plus_, rma_minus_, rma_tr_, rma_adx_);
    }
};
 
// --- SAR (Parabolic SAR) ---
 
class SAR {
    double start_, increment_, maximum_;
    double af_, ep_, sar_;
    bool is_long_;
    bool initialized_;
    double prev_high_, prev_low_, prev_close_;
    double prev_prev_high_, prev_prev_low_;
 
    // saved state
    double saved_af_, saved_ep_, saved_sar_;
    bool saved_is_long_, saved_initialized_;
    double saved_prev_high_, saved_prev_low_, saved_prev_close_;
    double saved_prev_prev_high_, saved_prev_prev_low_;
 
public:
    SAR(double start, double increment, double maximum);
    double compute(double high, double low, double close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- BB (Bollinger Bands) ---
 
struct BBResult {
    double middle;
    double upper;
    double lower;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class BB {
    double mult_;
    SMA sma_;
    StdDev stdev_;
 
public:
    BB(int length, double mult);
    BBResult compute(double src);
    BBResult recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, sma_, stdev_);
    }
};
 
// --- KC (Keltner Channels) ---
 
struct KCResult {
    double middle;
    double upper;
    double lower;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// middle = EMA(src); the bands are middle +/- mult * EMA(range), where the
// range is the true range against the previous bar's close (na where that
// close is) or, with use_true_range = false, high - low. Omitting the flag is
// the true range, value for value.
class KC {
    double mult_;
    bool use_true_range_;
    EMA ema_;
    EMA range_ema_;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
    double saved_prev_close_ = na<double>();
 
    double range_of(double high, double low) const;
 
public:
    KC(int length, double mult, bool use_true_range = true);
    KCResult compute(double src, double high, double low, double close);
    KCResult recompute(double src, double high, double low, double close);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ema_, range_ema_);
    }
};
 
// --- PivotHigh ---
 
class PivotHigh {
    int left_bars_, right_bars_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    PivotHigh(int left_bars, int right_bars);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- PivotLow ---
 
class PivotLow {
    int left_bars_, right_bars_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    PivotLow(int left_bars, int right_bars);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Linreg (Linear Regression) ---
 
class Linreg {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Linreg(int length);
    double compute(double src, double offset);
    double recompute(double src, double offset);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- PercentRank ---
 
class PercentRank {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit PercentRank(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- VWMA (Volume-Weighted Moving Average) ---
 
class VWMA {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> sv_buffer_;
    OwnedDeque<double> v_buffer_;
    double sv_sum_, v_sum_;
 
public:
    explicit VWMA(int length);
    double compute(double src, double vol);
    double recompute(double src, double vol);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, sv_buffer_, v_buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Mom (Momentum) ---
 
class Mom {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Mom(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- ROC (Rate of Change) ---
 
class ROC {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit ROC(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Rising ---
 
class Rising {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Rising(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Falling ---
 
class Falling {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Falling(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- CCI (Commodity Channel Index) ---
 
class CCI {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit CCI(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Cum (Cumulative Sum) ---
 
class Cum {
    double sum_;
 
    double saved_sum_;
 
public:
    Cum();
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- Chart all-time max/min of a series (ta.max / ta.min single-arg) ---
 
class AllTimeMax {
    double max_;
    bool has_;
 
    double saved_max_;
    bool saved_has_;
 
public:
    AllTimeMax();
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class AllTimeMin {
    double min_;
    bool has_;
 
    double saved_min_;
    bool saved_has_;
 
public:
    AllTimeMin();
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- RCI (Rank Correlation Index, Spearman × 100) ---
 
class RCI {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
    std::vector<double> prices_;
    std::vector<int> order_;
    std::vector<double> price_rank_;
 
    double calculate();
 
public:
    explicit RCI(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_, prices_, order_, price_rank_);
    }
};
 
// --- Variance ---
 
class Variance {
    int length_;
    bool biased_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Variance(int length, bool biased = true);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- Median ---
 
class Median {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
    std::vector<double> scratch_;
 
    double calculate();
 
public:
    explicit Median(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_, scratch_);
    }
};
 
// --- HighestBars ---
 
class HighestBars {
    ExtremeRing ring_;
 
public:
    explicit HighestBars(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ring_);
    }
};
 
// --- LowestBars ---
 
class LowestBars {
    ExtremeRing ring_;
 
public:
    explicit LowestBars(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ring_);
    }
};
 
// --- ALMA (Arnaud Legoux Moving Average) ---
// The Gaussian's centre is m = offset * (length - 1); with `floor` it is
// floor(offset * (length - 1)) ("whether the offset calculation is floored
// before ALMA is calculated", default false). Omitting floor is the unfloored
// ALMA, value for value.
class ALMA {
    int length_;
    double offset_, sigma_;
    bool floor_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
    std::vector<double> weights_;
 
public:
    ALMA(int length, double offset = 0.85, double sigma = 6.0, bool floor = false);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_, weights_);
    }
};
 
// Feature macro: ALMA takes the floor input (a fourth constructor argument).
#define PF_ALMA_HAS_FLOOR 1
 
// --- SWMA (Symmetrically Weighted Moving Average, period=4) ---
 
class SWMA {
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    SWMA();
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- MFI (Money Flow Index) ---
 
class MFI {
    int length_;
    DynamicRingBuffer<double> pos_buffer_, neg_buffer_;
    double prev_src_;
    int bar_count_;
 
    // saved state for recompute
    double saved_prev_src_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
    DynamicRingBuffer<double> saved_pos_buffer_, saved_neg_buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit MFI(int length);
    double compute(double src, double vol);
    double recompute(double src, double vol);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, pos_buffer_, neg_buffer_, saved_pos_buffer_, saved_neg_buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- CMO (Chande Momentum Oscillator) ---
 
class CMO {
    int length_;
    DynamicRingBuffer<double> up_buffer_, down_buffer_;
    double prev_src_;
    int bar_count_;
 
    // saved state for recompute
    double saved_prev_src_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
    DynamicRingBuffer<double> saved_up_buffer_, saved_down_buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit CMO(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, up_buffer_, down_buffer_, saved_up_buffer_, saved_down_buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- TSI (True Strength Index) ---
 
class TSI {
    EMA ema_long_;
    EMA ema_short_;
    EMA ema_abs_long_;
    EMA ema_abs_short_;
    double prev_src_;
    int bar_count_;
 
    double saved_prev_src_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
public:
    TSI(int short_length, int long_length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, ema_long_, ema_short_, ema_abs_long_, ema_abs_short_);
    }
};
 
// --- WPR (Williams %R) ---
 
class WPR {
    Highest highest_;
    Lowest lowest_;
 
public:
    explicit WPR(int length);
    double compute(double close, double high, double low);
    double recompute(double close, double high, double low);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, highest_, lowest_);
    }
};
 
// --- COG (Center of Gravity) ---
 
class COG {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit COG(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- BBW (Bollinger Bands Width) ---
 
class BBW {
    BB bb_;
 
public:
    BBW(int length, double mult);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, bb_);
    }
};
 
// --- KCW (Keltner Channel Width) ---
 
class KCW {
    KC kc_;
 
public:
    KCW(int length, double mult, bool use_true_range = true);
    double compute(double src, double high, double low, double close);
    double recompute(double src, double high, double low, double close);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, kc_);
    }
};
 
// Feature macro: KC and KCW take the range choice (a third constructor
// argument, use_true_range).
#define PF_KC_HAS_USE_TRUE_RANGE 1
 
// --- BarsSince ---
 
class BarsSince {
    int count_;
    bool ever_true_;
 
    int saved_count_;
    bool saved_ever_true_;
 
public:
    BarsSince();
    double compute(bool condition);
    double recompute(bool condition);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- ValueWhen ---
 
class ValueWhen {
    OwnedDeque<double> values_;
    int max_occurrence_;
 
    OwnedDeque<double> saved_values_;
 
public:
    explicit ValueWhen(int max_occurrence = 1);
    double compute(bool condition, double source, int occurrence);
    double recompute(bool condition, double source, int occurrence);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, values_, saved_values_);
    }
};
 
// --- Correlation ---
 
class Correlation {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> x_buffer_, y_buffer_;
 
public:
    explicit Correlation(int length);
    double compute(double src1, double src2);
    double recompute(double src1, double src2);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, x_buffer_, y_buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- TR (True Range as function) ---
 
class TR {
    double prev_close_;
    int bar_count_;
    bool handle_na_;
 
    double saved_prev_close_;
    int saved_bar_count_;
 
public:
    explicit TR(bool handle_na = false);
    double compute(double high, double low, double close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close);
    // issue #178: the sparse-call form — true range against the previous
    // CHART bar's close (na on the first chart bar: handle_na decides).
    double compute(double high, double low, double close, double prev_chart_close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close, double prev_chart_close);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- PercentileWindow ---
// The window TradingView ranks its nearest-rank and linear-interpolation
// percentiles over: one array kept across bars
// (tests/fixtures/percentile_window). Once `length` values are held, the value
// `length` bars back leaves at its first occurrence (na matching na) and the
// new value enters before the first held element greater than it: the held
// non-na values stay ascending, and na, greater than nothing and with nothing
// greater than it, enters last.
class PercentileWindow {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> history_;
    std::vector<double> ranked_;
    // The last push, which a recompute of its bar undoes: where its value
    // entered, and the value that left and where it stood (-1: none left).
    int entered_at_ = -1;
    int left_at_ = -1;
    double left_value_ = na<double>();
 
public:
    explicit PercentileWindow(int length);
    // The ranked array once `length` values are held, else null.
    const std::vector<double>* push(double src);
    // The bar's value replaced by `src` (a push when nothing was pushed yet).
    const std::vector<double>* repush(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, history_, ranked_);
    }
};
 
// Shared nearest-rank selection for percentile windows. A null ranked window
// answers na, and a non-null window is already sorted as PercentileWindow
// maintains it.
double nearest_rank_of(const std::vector<double>* ranked, double percentage);
 
// --- PercentileNearestRank ---
 
class PercentileNearestRank {
    PercentileWindow window_;
 
public:
    explicit PercentileNearestRank(int length);
    double compute(double src, double percentage);
    double recompute(double src, double percentage);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, window_);
    }
};
 
// --- PercentileLinearInterpolation ---
 
class PercentileLinearInterpolation {
    PercentileWindow window_;
 
public:
    explicit PercentileLinearInterpolation(int length);
    double compute(double src, double percentage);
    double recompute(double src, double percentage);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, window_);
    }
};
 
// --- Volume indicators ---
class OBV {
    double sum_ = 0.0;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
    int bar_count_ = 0;
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_sum_ = 0.0, saved_prev_close_ = na<double>();
    int saved_bar_count_ = 0;
 
public:
    OBV() = default;
    double compute(double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class AccDist {
    double sum_ = 0.0;
 
    // Mirror the initial committed sum_ (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_sum_ = 0.0;
 
public:
    AccDist() = default;
    double compute(double high, double low, double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class NVI {
    double nvi_ = 1.0;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
    double prev_volume_ = na<double>();
    int bar_count_ = 0;
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_nvi_ = 1.0, saved_prev_close_ = na<double>(),
           saved_prev_volume_ = na<double>();
    int saved_bar_count_ = 0;
 
public:
    NVI() = default;
    double compute(double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class PVI {
    double pvi_ = 1.0;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
    double prev_volume_ = na<double>();
    int bar_count_ = 0;
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_pvi_ = 1.0, saved_prev_close_ = na<double>(),
           saved_prev_volume_ = na<double>();
    int saved_bar_count_ = 0;
 
public:
    PVI() = default;
    double compute(double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class PVT {
    double pvt_ = 0.0;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_pvt_ = 0.0, saved_prev_close_ = na<double>();
 
public:
    PVT() = default;
    double compute(double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class WAD {
    double wad_ = 0.0;
    double prev_close_ = na<double>();
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_wad_ = 0.0, saved_prev_close_ = na<double>();
 
public:
    WAD() = default;
    double compute(double high, double low, double close);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class WVAD {
public:
    WVAD() = default;
    double compute(double open, double high, double low, double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double open, double high, double low, double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class III {
public:
    III() = default;
    double compute(double high, double low, double close, double volume);
    double recompute(double high, double low, double close, double volume);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// --- VWAP Bands result (3-tuple: vwap, upper_band, lower_band) ---
struct VWAPBandsResult {
    double vwap;
    double upper;
    double lower;
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
class VWAP {
    double cum_pv_ = 0.0;
    double cum_vol_ = 0.0;
    // Sum of (price^2 * volume) for running variance computation used by
    // compute_bands(). Variance = cum_pv_sq_ / cum_vol_ - mean^2.
    double cum_pv_sq_ = 0.0;
    // Anchor day index: the SESSION day of the bar (session_day_index —
    // timestamp_ms / 86_400_000 on a UTC/24x7 symbol, the 17:00-ET-keyed
    // trading day on forex, the 09:30 RTH day on equities). On the first
    // compute() call we record this from the bar timestamp; on every
    // subsequent compute() the cumulator is reset whenever the day index
    // advances. Pine v6 `ta.vwap(source)` defaults to a Daily anchor
    // (`anchor = timeframe.change("1D")` on the SYMBOL's daily bar); the
    // engine matches that when the codegen threads syminfo tz + session.
    int64_t anchor_day_ = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min();
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_cum_pv_ = 0.0, saved_cum_vol_ = 0.0, saved_cum_pv_sq_ = 0.0;
    int64_t saved_anchor_day_ = std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min();
 
    void roll_anchor(int64_t day);
 
public:
    VWAP() = default;
    // tz-less forms key the anchor on the UTC day (the 24x7 corpus regime);
    // the tz/session forms key it on the symbol's session day and reduce to
    // the same integer math for tz="UTC" + empty/"24x7" session.
    // Feature macro PF_VWAP_HAS_SESSION_ANCHOR (below the class) lets
    // generated code compile the (tz, session) tail out on older engines.
    double compute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms);
    double recompute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms);
    double compute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms,
                   const std::string& tz, const std::string& session);
    double recompute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms,
                     const std::string& tz, const std::string& session);
    VWAPBandsResult compute_bands(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms, double stdev_mult);
    VWAPBandsResult recompute_bands(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms, double stdev_mult);
    VWAPBandsResult compute_bands(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms, double stdev_mult,
                                  const std::string& tz, const std::string& session);
    VWAPBandsResult recompute_bands(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms, double stdev_mult,
                                    const std::string& tz, const std::string& session);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// Feature macro: the emitted prelude's PF_VWAP_SESSION_ANCHOR_ARGS(tz, s)
// expands to `, tz, s` only when this is defined (see VWAP overloads above).
#define PF_VWAP_HAS_SESSION_ANCHOR 1
 
// --- VWAP Bands wrapper class (3-tuple form: ta.vwap(src, anchor, stdev_mult)) ---
// Wraps VWAP and routes compute/recompute to compute_bands/recompute_bands with
// a fixed stdev_mult supplied at construction time. This lets the codegen use
// the standard .compute()/.recompute() dispatch pattern for tuple returns.
class VWAPBands {
    VWAP vwap_;
    double stdev_mult_;
public:
    explicit VWAPBands(double stdev_mult) : stdev_mult_(stdev_mult) {}
    VWAPBandsResult compute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms) {
        return vwap_.compute_bands(src, volume, timestamp_ms, stdev_mult_);
    }
    VWAPBandsResult recompute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms) {
        return vwap_.recompute_bands(src, volume, timestamp_ms, stdev_mult_);
    }
    VWAPBandsResult compute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms,
                            const std::string& tz, const std::string& session) {
        return vwap_.compute_bands(src, volume, timestamp_ms, stdev_mult_, tz, session);
    }
    VWAPBandsResult recompute(double src, double volume, int64_t timestamp_ms,
                              const std::string& tz, const std::string& session) {
        return vwap_.recompute_bands(src, volume, timestamp_ms, stdev_mult_, tz, session);
    }
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, vwap_);
    }
};
 
// --- Anchored VWAP (the accumulation restarts where the caller says) ---
// VWAP over the bars since the most recent bar whose `anchor` was true, that
// bar included: an anchored bar starts a new accumulation, and until the first
// anchored bar the value is na (ta.vwap's anchor: "When true, calculations
// reset"; "Calculations only begin the first time the anchor condition
// becomes true. Until then, the function returns na"). The arithmetic is
// VWAP's -- running sums of src * volume, src * src * volume and volume, the
// bands mean +/- stdev_mult * sqrt(max(0, sum(src*src*volume) / sum(volume) -
// mean * mean)) -- so an anchor raised on the bars where VWAP's session day
// changes, and on the first bar, reproduces VWAP bit for bit. An na src or
// volume answers na and adds nothing; an anchor on such a bar still resets the
// sums. A zero summed volume answers na. recompute() re-runs the current bar
// from the state its first compute() found, anchor included.
class AnchoredVWAP {
    double cum_pv_ = 0.0;
    double cum_vol_ = 0.0;
    double cum_pv_sq_ = 0.0;
    bool started_ = false;   // an anchored bar has been seen
 
    // Mirror the initial committed state (see RMA::RMA) so a recompute()
    // before the first compute() restores a well-defined pristine state.
    double saved_cum_pv_ = 0.0, saved_cum_vol_ = 0.0, saved_cum_pv_sq_ = 0.0;
    bool saved_started_ = false;
 
    // Folds one bar into the sums; false when the bar has no value.
    bool accumulate(double src, double volume, bool anchor);
 
public:
    AnchoredVWAP() = default;
    double compute(double src, double volume, bool anchor);
    double recompute(double src, double volume, bool anchor);
    VWAPBandsResult compute_bands(double src, double volume, bool anchor, double stdev_mult);
    VWAPBandsResult recompute_bands(double src, double volume, bool anchor, double stdev_mult);
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// The 3-tuple form with a construction-time stdev_mult, for the standard
// compute()/recompute() dispatch (VWAPBands' shape). A per-bar multiplier goes
// through AnchoredVWAP::compute_bands directly.
class AnchoredVWAPBands {
    AnchoredVWAP vwap_;
    double stdev_mult_;
public:
    explicit AnchoredVWAPBands(double stdev_mult) : stdev_mult_(stdev_mult) {}
    VWAPBandsResult compute(double src, double volume, bool anchor) {
        return vwap_.compute_bands(src, volume, anchor, stdev_mult_);
    }
    VWAPBandsResult recompute(double src, double volume, bool anchor) {
        return vwap_.recompute_bands(src, volume, anchor, stdev_mult_);
    }
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, vwap_);
    }
};
 
// Feature macro: AnchoredVWAP / AnchoredVWAPBands exist (generated code may
// compile an anchored call site out on older engines, as with
// PF_VWAP_HAS_SESSION_ANCHOR).
#define PF_VWAP_HAS_ANCHOR_INPUT 1
 
// --- Statistical ---
class Mode {
    struct CountEntry {
        double value = na<double>();
        int count = 0;
        unsigned char state = 0;  // 0 empty, 1 occupied, 2 deleted
        void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {} // scalar record
    };
 
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
    std::vector<CountEntry> counts_;
 
    void add_count(double value);
    void remove_count(double value);
    double current_mode() const;
 
public:
    explicit Mode(int length);
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_, counts_);
    }
};
 
class Range {
    Highest highest_;
    Lowest lowest_;
public:
    explicit Range(int length) : highest_(length), lowest_(length) {}
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, highest_, lowest_);
    }
};
 
class Dev {
    int length_;
    OwnedDeque<double> buffer_;
public:
    explicit Dev(int length) : length_(length) {}
    double compute(double src);
    double recompute(double src);
public:
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage& out) const noexcept {
        observe_owned_members(out, buffer_);
    }
};
 
// --- pivot_point_levels (free function) ---
// The 11 pivot levels [P, R1, S1, R2, S2, R3, S3, R4, S4, R5, S5] of one
// period's high, low and close, na for the levels a type does not define and
// all na for a missing input; an unknown name answers P alone. Traditional,
// Fibonacci, Classic and Camarilla are PivotPointLevels' formulas bit for bit.
// Woodie and DM are a historical approximation kept for source compatibility:
// this signature carries neither the next period's open, which Woodie's pivot
// weights (it weights the close, and spaces R3..S4 as Classic does), nor the
// period's open, which DM compares with the close (it branches on the close
// meeting the high or the low). The overload below takes both, and
// ta::PivotPointLevels is the TradingView form.
std::vector<double> pivot_point_levels(const std::string& method,
                                       double high, double low, double close);
 
// The same 11 levels from the period's open, high, low and close and the open
// of the period after it -- the period the levels are for -- for every type as
// PivotPointLevels computes them: anchored on every bar with developing =
// false, its levels on a bar are this overload's of the bar before (open,
// high, low, close) and the bar's own open, bit for bit. Only Woodie reads
// next_open and only DM reads open; a formula missing an input it reads leaves
// all eleven na. The type by name: pivot_levels_type(), which throws
// std::invalid_argument for any other.
std::vector<double> pivot_point_levels(const std::string& method, double open, double high,
                                       double low, double close, double next_open);
 
// --- Pivot point levels of an anchored period ---
// The six pivot types. DM is DeMark's.
enum class PivotLevelsType : unsigned char {
    Traditional = 0,
    Fibonacci = 1,
    Woodie = 2,
    Classic = 3,
    DM = 4,
    Camarilla = 5,
};
 
// The type spelled "Traditional", "Fibonacci", "Woodie", "Classic", "DM" or
// "Camarilla"; std::invalid_argument for any other name.
PivotLevelsType pivot_levels_type(const std::string& name);
 
// The 11 pivot levels [P, R1, S1, R2, S2, R3, S3, R4, S4, R5, S5] of a
// period of bars, na for the levels a type does not define. A period runs
// from an anchored bar (bar 0 before the first anchor) to the bar before the
// next anchored bar; a period is aggregated as its first finite open, highest
// finite high, lowest finite low and last finite close.
//
// developing = false: the levels computed on the last anchored bar, from the
// period that bar closed (and, for Woodie, that bar's own open -- the open of
// the period the levels are for), held until the next anchored bar; all na
// before the first anchored bar that closes a non-empty period.
// developing = true: the levels of the period in progress, this bar included,
// recomputed on every bar (DM reads the period's own open). Woodie has no
// developing levels -- its levels need the open of the period after the one
// measured -- so compute() and recompute() throw std::runtime_error for that
// pair, which fails a run as any exception out of a script callback does.
//
// The formulas are the standard pivot definitions, Traditional's R3..S5 and
// Woodie's among them, evaluated operation by operation as written: P =
// (H + L + C) / 3, R1 = P * 2 - L, ..., R3 = P * 2 + (H - 2 * L), ..., R5 =
// P * 4 + (H - 4 * L); Woodie P = (H + L + 2 * O_next) / 4, R3 = H + 2 * (P -
// L), R4 = R3 + (H - L); DM X = O == C ? H + L + 2 * C : C > O ? 2 * H + L +
// C : 2 * L + H + C, P = X / 4, R1 = X / 2 - L, S1 = X / 2 - H; Camarilla R1 =
// C + 1.1 * (H - L) / 12, ..., R5 = (H / L) * C (na on a zero low), S5 = C -
// (R5 - C). Anchored on every bar with developing = false, this is the
// six-argument free function above for every type, and the four-argument one
// for every type but Woodie and DM.
// recompute() re-runs the current bar from the state its first compute()
// found.
class PivotPointLevels {
public:
    PivotPointLevels() = default;
    std::vector<double> compute(PivotLevelsType type, bool anchor, bool developing,
                                double open, double high, double low, double close);
    std::vector<double> recompute(PivotLevelsType type, bool anchor, bool developing,
                                  double open, double high, double low, double close);
    // The type by name (pivot_levels_type()).
    std::vector<double> compute(const std::string& type, bool anchor, bool developing,
                                double open, double high, double low, double close);
    std::vector<double> recompute(const std::string& type, bool anchor, bool developing,
                                  double open, double high, double low, double close);
 
private:
    struct Period {
        double open = na<double>();
        double high = na<double>();
        double low = na<double>();
        double close = na<double>();
        void enter(double o, double h, double l, double c);
    };
    struct Levels {
        double v[11];
    };
    static Levels no_levels();
 
    Period period_;                        // the period in progress
    Levels held_ = no_levels();            // the levels of the last closed period
    Period saved_period_;
    Levels saved_held_ = no_levels();
public:
    // All retained fields are inline scalars (or scalar-only aggregates).
    void observe_owned_storage(OwnedStorage&) const noexcept {}
};
 
// Feature macro: PivotPointLevels / PivotLevelsType / pivot_levels_type exist.
#define PF_PIVOT_LEVELS_HAS_ANCHOR 1
 
} // namespace ta
 
} // namespace pineforge